Ozempic: Miracle Weight Loss Drug Or A Secret Killer? - Johann Hari
Added: May 14, 2024
In this podcast episode, Johann Hari discusses his weight loss journey and the use of a new type of weight loss drug called Ozempic. This drug works by injecting an artificial copy of the hormone glp1, which helps individuals feel full faster and eat less. Hari decided to take the drug after learning about its benefits and risks, especially in reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes for individuals with a BMI of 27 or higher. He emphasizes that glp1 agonists like Ozempic work in a completely different way than previous weight loss drugs, primarily affecting the brain rather than just the gut.Key takeaways
GLP1 agonists like Ozempic represent a significant shift in weight loss medication, focusing on the brain's role in feeling full rather than just affecting the gut.
The history of weight loss drugs is fraught with failures and health risks, but GLP1 agonists have shown promise despite concerns about side effects and long-term sustainability.
The rise in obesity rates is closely linked to the consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods, which diminish satiety and contribute to overeating.
There is emerging evidence that GLP1 agonists could impact addiction and compulsive behaviors, suggesting a broader potential use beyond weight loss.
The decision to use GLP1 agonists involves weighing the benefits of weight loss against potential risks, including increased thyroid cancer risk and concerns for pregnant women.
The History of Weight Loss Drugs
Hari delves into the history of weight loss drugs, highlighting the failures of previous drugs like fenfen in the mid-90s, which led to severe health issues and had to be removed from the market. He explains that the common side effects of glp1 agonists include nausea and increased heart rate, but the main sensation is a feeling of fullness that helps individuals eat less and lose weight. The guest discusses the widespread popularity of these weight loss drugs, with 47% of Americans expressing a desire to take them, leading to chronic shortages in supply.
The Impact of Processed Foods
The rise in obesity rates is attributed to a shift from consuming fresh, whole foods to processed and ultra-processed foods. This change in diet has led to a loss of satiety, making individuals more prone to overeating and weight gain. Hari reflects on his own unhealthy eating habits, including a reliance on fast food and processed meals, and how the weight loss drug helped him eat smaller portions of unhealthy foods.
The sustainability of using GLP1 agonists
The conversation explores the sustainability of using glp1 agonists for weight loss. Jens Juul Holst, a scientist involved in designing these drugs, expresses concerns about the long-term sustainability of using them, as people may struggle to maintain the pleasure of food after a while. Hari reflects on his own experience of transitioning from low pleasure in food to a bit more enjoyment after starting the drugs.
Impact of GLP1 Agonists on Addiction Behaviors
The podcast delves into the impact of glp1 agonists on other behaviors, such as addiction and compulsive behaviors. Studies in animals have shown that these drugs can reduce the consumption of alcohol, cocaine, heroin, and other substances. Human research on the effects of these drugs on addiction behaviors is ongoing, with some anecdotal evidence suggesting positive outcomes. However, more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits of using glp1 agonists for addiction treatment.
Study on GLP1 Agonists and Thyroid Cancer Risk
Hari a professor who conducted a study on the safety of glp1 agonists in France. The study found that taking these drugs increased the risk of thyroid cancer by 50 to 75%. While this risk is alarming, it is essential to consider the risks of obesity as well. The detrimental effects of obesity on health, such as increasing the risk of various diseases, including cancer, are highlighted. The impact of weight loss on muscle mass is also explored, with concerns about the loss of muscle mass and the risk of developing sarcopenia.
Societal Implications of Weight Loss Drugs
The societal implications of using weight loss drugs, particularly in a culture that places a high value on appearance, are discussed. Concerns about the potential impact on individuals with eating disorders are raised, as these drugs can exacerbate malnutrition and lead to serious health consequences. The psychological aspect of weight loss is highlighted, emphasizing the importance of addressing underlying issues beyond physical appearance.
Risks of GLP1 Agonists in Pregnancy
The risks associated with taking glp1 agonists for pregnant women or those planning to conceive are also explored. Studies in animal models have shown an increased risk of birth deformities when exposed to these drugs during pregnancy. While the immediate effects may not be apparent, there are concerns about potential long-term consequences on offspring's health.
Considerations for GLP1 Agonist Use
Hari reflects on the complexity of the issue and the uncertainty surrounding the long-term effects of these drugs. He presents three possible scenarios for the outcome of using glp1 agonists: solving the problem, causing unforeseen consequences, or leading to a mixed outcome. The need for individuals to weigh the risks and benefits carefully, considering their BMI and overall health status before deciding to take these drugs, is emphasized.
In terms of personal advice, Hari suggests that individuals with a BMI lower than 27 should avoid taking these drugs due to the potential risks. For those with a BMI higher than 35, he recommends considering the benefits of weight loss to outweigh the risks of obesity. However, for individuals with a BMI between 27 and 35, the decision is more nuanced, and they should carefully evaluate the potential outcomes based on their individual circumstances.
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